Gluten Free

This familiar dessert topping makes a versatile last-minute embellishment for cupcakes. It can be dolloped on top as an alternative to heavier frostings, or used as a filling for split cupcakes. Whether you use a handheld whisk or an electric mixer to whip the cream, be sure not to overmix, or the consistency can become grainy. For unsweetened whipped cream, simply omit the sugar.

This billowy meringue is used to pipe the “mushrooms” for the fruitcakes on page 249 as well as the flowers for the meringue bouquet cupcakes on page 264. (It is also serves as the foundation for Swiss meringue butter-cream on page 304.)

You can make praline from any variety of toasted nuts (preferably blanched or skinless). The Butterscotch Praline Cream Pie features this variation, crushed and folded into the whipped cream and sprinkled over the top.

You can adjust the amount of sugar in this recipe to suit your preference; for unsweetened whipped cream, simply omit the sugar.

This recipe yields an extraordinarily lofty topping. You may halve the recipe for a meringue with less volume. Either way, be sure to spread meringue until it completely covers the filling to prevent shrinking or “weeping.”

Use this technique to make other candied citrus slices, such as lime, orange, or kumquat.